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General Psychology Example Essay On The Topic Psychological Disorders And Treatments
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
The True Age of the Sphinx essays
The True Age of the Sphinx articles The Sphinx is 250 long and 60 ft high. Egyptologist's accepted that the Sphinx was manufactured in 2500 BC in the hour of the pharaoh Chephren, yet late discoveries by John Anthony West recommend that there are water disintegrations not at all like some other imprints found on other Giza landmarks. Not at all like sand and wind disintegrations, which produce level imprints, West discovered that the disintegration stamps on the Sphinx were vertical...like those related by water, in any case, not at all like the sand and wind marks which can be disclosed gratitude to the ruinous powers of the Sahara, where did the watermarks begin? The researcher had a few banters over the genuine age of the Sphinx. They speculated that the sphinx must be a lot more seasoned than 9000 years. As there were a great deal of downpour tempests and lakes in Africa 10.000 years back, the Sphinx could be worked in these years. Another point is that the Sphinx isn't a landmark of the antiquated Pharao Chefren. That is the thing that a cop demonstrated after a few explores. At any rate they are almost certain how the Sphinx was constructed: From the outset they assembled the head. At that point they manufactured the body. To construct the body they moved gigantic Squares. That is stunning that they could move squares this way and that they could assemble landmarks like the Sphinx and the pyramids. As time passed by the body of the sphinx downpour dissolved the body of the Sphinx. Later wind disintegrated the Sphinx. They remodeled the ... <!
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Government in a Marine essays
Government in a Marine papers A marine came into our group on Thursday to address us about his encounters on war and his assessments of war. The marine was a selection representative for the marine center and he had parcels to state about joining the center and what the necessities are. He had been in the center for around 10 years so he had parts to share. I thought his introduction was exceptionally instructive and I was attentive all through his discourse. In this paper, I will respond his introduction with remarks about the marine center, the encounters the marine had, and reality with regards to war behind the mass of the media. The marine center is one of the most elevated qualified aggressor bunches in the United States. The marines are required to do obligations from securing the president to racing into a nation or city and bombarding it to pieces. They are the most exceptional activist gathering on the planet with the most elevated accessible innovation to take care of business. On the off chance that you are sufficiently favored to turn into a marine, you could be one of the 100,000 United States residents who are sufficiently blessed to join the marines. In contrast to the military, naval force and aviation based armed forces, the marines do everything. Everything from catching war lawbreakers to killing pioneers and shelling nations. There isn't a vocation that is to enormous for the marines. They are prepared to become murdering machines and they don't endure individuals who hold them up. With the United States being a super force, and the marine center being the best in the U.S., in the midst of em ergency, the entire world relies upon the marines to carry out their responsibility and to settle on the correct choices at the correct occasions. The marine said that they don't possess energy for bigotry and disdain towards one another on the grounds that when they are on the combat zone, everybody is a sibling and everybody needs to keep an eye out for one another. As a marine, you are vowed to keep your missions classified, and you are not permitted to talk about your missions among your family nor companions. The marine imparted his emotions to us ... <!
Sunday, August 9, 2020
Holiday Gifts, MIT Style
Holiday Gifts, MIT Style For many, holiday time is the season of giving. While on this blog I more often talk about aspects of MIT that are freely offered to the world, I figured the holiday season would be as good a time as any to showcase some MIT-related products that are for sale. All of these are real products and can be ordered! Clocky, the alarm clock that runs away Invented by Media Lab student Gauri Nanda, Clocky received worldwide attention when it was introduced in 2005. It was featured on Good Morning America, the Today Show, Jay Leno, and even on Jeopardy. What is Clocky? Nanda told the Boston Globe: I like my sleep, said Nanda, a research associate at the MIT Media Laboratory in Cambridge. Ive been known to hit the snooze button for two hours, or even accidentally turn off the alarm. So when she was asked to create a useful product for an industrial design course last fall, Nanda came up with Clocky, a runaway alarm clock that goads its bleary-eyed owners into leaving their beds. To turn Clocky off, you have to find it. When the snooze alarm is pushed, Clocky rolls off the bedside table, tumbles to the floor and, thanks to shock-absorbing materials and rubber wheels, races away from the bed. It bumps into objects, repositions itself, and eventually comes to rest in a place far enough away from the bed that its owner will be forced to get up to find it when the alarm sounds a second time. A built-in microprocessor randomly programs the clocks speed, distance, and routes, so that it wont land in the same spot twice. I know that I could use a Clocky many mornings =) Transition, the flying car The MIT Aero/Astro alumni-founded company Terrafugia, led by Carl Dietrich 99, is building a flying car (or, more accurately, a roadable aircraft). And theyre taking orders for it now. Dietrich told the Lemelson-MIT Program: If you were taking a trip between 100 and 500 miles right now, chances are youâd probably drive unless you were going between two airport hubs, Dietrich said. Driving is fine, but it can take you half a day to reach your destination, and you are subject to unpredictable traffic. Commercial airlines are effective for trips over 500 miles, but they donât really attack the short-hop market very well. Personal Air Vehicles open up a lot of possibilities in freedom to get around. They offer convenience and flexibility to fit the travelerâs schedule. Dietrichâs Transition can be driven on any surface road and requires only a sport pilotâs license to fly. The SUV-sized vehicle can be stored in most home garages and has folding wings that enable it to operate both on the ground and in the air. It can carry two people with their bags up to 500 miles on a single tank of premium unleaded gasoline. The Transition also offers modern safety features including an electronic center of gravity calculator (important for weight distribution in flying mode), GPS navigation unit, front and rear crumple zones, airbags, and patent-pending deformable aerodynamic bumpers. Since the driverâs visibility is impaired when the wings are folded up, a tiny camera system embedded in the vertical tails provides direct views of blind spots. Check out this awesome animation of the Transition landing. Bhutan: the worlds largest book Michael Hawley of the Media Lab led a group of people from MIT and Friendly Planet on four expeditions to Bhutan, a small nation nestled between India and China in the Himalayas. After taking tens of thousands of photographs, their work was turned into the largest book ever published. It weighs in at a hefty 130 pounds and sizes up at 5 feet by 7 feet. You can even buy the book at Amazon.com! (For those not up for the big size, now theres a little big book weighing in at just 5 pounds) On the day of the books release, Hawley talked with the New York Times: Beyond technology and philanthropy, the book project represents an expeditionary approach to education that Mr. Hawley says he wants to expand at M.I.T. The idea, he explains, is to take students to see new places, meet people from other cultures and use technology in the field. The Bhutan book is a byproduct of four such trips from 1988 to 2002, each involving a few M.I.T. students. What Im pushing at M.I.T. is that the world is our lab, not just the campus, Mr. Hawley said. These kinds of trips can be life-altering for the people who take them. We learn from differences. Charles Darwin is Mr. Hawleys favorite proof of the value of educational expeditions. At 22, Darwin seemed headed for the clergy after graduating from Cambridge University. But he balked, took a round-the-world voyage, and came back to present his theory of evolution in, The Origin of Species. Without the expeditionary adventure, Mr. Hawley said, He would have ended up Pastor Charles Darwin, creationist. At the time of the publication of Bhutan, Hawley said the biggest book in the Library of Congress was Birds of America by John J. Audubon, coming in at a mere 2.5 feet by 3.5 feet. Guitar Hero and Karaoke Revolution: Rock out with video games Harmonix is a video game company started by MIT alumni, including CEO Alex Rigopulos 92 (S.B. Music) and Eran Egozy 95 (S.B. Electrical Engineering). Harmonix fuses music and engineering to make awesome music-based video games. Harmonixs first big hit was Karaoke Revolution, where the player sings karaoke with a special microphone. Its a great party game. Harmonix has now developed five Karaoke Revolution games, including Karaoke Revolution Party and Karaoke Revolution Country. And then came Guitar Hero, a tremendously popular game where players, using a specially designed guitar, play lead guitar on some rocking songs. Its been popular with many real musicians as well as professional athletes, such as Detroit Tigers relief pitcher Joel Zumaya, who sustained a Guitar Hero shoulder injury this season and missed three games in the American League Championship Series because of it. Here are some Guitar Hero statistics from the project team: Project size: 303,000 lines of code, 32,100 lines of script Guitars broken during development: 97 Guitars set on fire during development: 1 A few months ago, MTV acquired Harmonix. Ill be interested to see what their collaboration brings. Those are just a few interesting products from MIT people
Saturday, May 23, 2020
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
Standards For Power Electronics ( Ansi ) - 2392 Words
Standards for Power Electronics Gration Dââ¬â¢silva Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA Telephone: (806) 773-4727; E-mail: gration.dsilva@ttu.edu Abstractââ¬â this paper presents a brief overview of standards for power electronics. All the standards presented in this paper are currently active and are approved by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer Standards Association (IEEE-SA) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Keywordsââ¬âIEEE Standards, ANSI, Power Electronics I. INTRODUCTION The tremendous advancements in modern technology have necessitated the regulation of these technologies so that they meet the required threshold as set by the standardization bodies like the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer Standards Association (IEEE-SA), American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Whenever a new product is launched it has to meet the standards so that they perform as intended. This is very important for the safety of the users and their environment, facilitate interoperability, uniformity in design, testing methods, installation and help make our lives easier. The purpose of standards is to establish certain quality to meet technical, safety, societal, regulatory and market needs. Also standards are the catalysts for technological innovation which are developed based on guiding principles of consensus, due process and within the ethical limits [1]. Standards help making our livesShow MoreRelatedEssay on Cis 5051642 Words à |à 7 PagesSelect one (1) of the working groups in the IETF or IEEE and briefly summarize what this group is working on. ââ¬Å"Working groups chartered by the IETF carry out the actual development of new standards and protocols for the Internet. Membership in a working group is voluntary; any interested party may participate. During the development of a specification, a working group will make a draft version of the document available as an Internet Draft, which is placed in the IETFs Internet DraftsRead MoreCable Codes Essay690 Words à |à 3 PagesRobin Prather NT1310 Week 2 Exercise April 10, 2013 Cabling Design, Standards, Codes and Definitions 1. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Five engineering societies and three U.S. government agencies founded the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). ANSIââ¬â¢s mission is to encourage voluntary compliance with standards and methods. 2. Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) The EIA is organized along speciï ¬ c product and market lines that allow each EIA sector to be responsiveRead MoreA Brief Note On Industrial Products And Safety955 Words à |à 4 PagesIndustrial Products and Safety When you are on the job, there is nothing of greater importance than your safety and that of your crew. Safety becomes even more critical when the dangers of height, machinery, chemicals, and power tools are added into the equation. Further, there are times when the job site is in a public location, adding a plethora of safety hazards into the mix. Ensure you are fully equipped with highly visible alerts and warning signs, devices, and barriers. The better a workRead MoreInformation Technology Audit1278 Words à |à 6 Pagesexamining the effectiveness of their technical and procedural controls to minimise risks. IT audits are also known as automated data processing (ADP) audits and computer audits or IS, IT or ICT auditing and systems auditing. They were formerly called electronic data processing (EDP) audits History of IS Audit The concept of IT auditing was formed in the mid-1960s. Since that time, IT auditing has gone through numerous changes, largely due to advances in technolog y and the incorporation of technology intoRead MoreRadio Communications For Public Safety1248 Words à |à 5 PagesDecember 23, 2016 Introduction Standards need to be set in order to handle current capabilities and handle the demands of what is to come. Standards that come with radio communication have been around for a while and one of those standards includes Public safety radio services. This standard was created for a given scenario were the government would have to send out a message to inform the public. Any agencies that deal with public safety are required to meet this standard. You may here these messagesRead MoreBenefits Of Cable Technology936 Words à |à 4 PagesTIA/EIA-606-B standards, and as designed by Panduit to be used for the specific Product. All conduits and inner duct shall be labeled as well. Panduit labels shall be used for all labeling as required by this scope of work, no exceptions. If any other label Manufacturer is used, Contractor shall replace at no expense to Choctaw Nation before final payment. â⬠¢ All dedicated telecommunications grounding bus bars shall be labeled. â⬠¢ Cross-connect fields shall be labeled according to ANSI/TIA/EIA 606-BRead MoreFiber Cable, Tools, And Test Equipment872 Words à |à 4 Pages(cisco.) The cost of each individual server will be $2,397, and a total of $47,940 for total project costs prices retrieved from cisco. â⬠¢ The following products as well as the cabling structure will follow the ANSI/TIA-568-C standards and all cable support will comply with NED standards. First floor design The following details are of the design: â⬠¢ Will consist of 200 workstations â⬠¢ Total of 200 people. â⬠¢ There is a total of nine rooms. â⬠¢ 1 storage room â⬠¢ 2 production rooms AB â⬠¢ 1 communicationRead MoreReflection About the Poem Through Education, the Country Received Light3205 Words à |à 13 Pages10BaseT Ethernet requires at least Level 3 cable. Many sites now install only Level-5 UTP, even though level 4 is more than sufficient for 10BaseT, because of the greater likelihood that emerging high-speed standards will require cable with better bandwidth capabilities.à à Crossover Cable - standard Ethernet cables are straight-thru.à Pin 1 on one end connects to Pin 1 on the far end, Pin2 to Pin2, and so on.à There are only 4 pins that are used, since you only need two wires for transmit, and twoRead MoreElectronic Product Code Upc And Optical Character Recognition Ocr1600 Words à |à 7 Pageslink for identification. At start the main hurdle in the deployment of RFID was to make it cheap i.e. this is not economical that the object identifying system costs more than the actual worth of the object. After the invention of transistor the electronic device prices began to fall and it is possible to make cheap tags. Since RFID uses radio waves and radio waves are cheap and there are some other techniques that we can implement to produce cheap RFID tags e.g. â⬠¢ No Transmitter. â⬠¢ No Battery. â⬠¢Read MoreEssay on Telecommunication Towers and Antennas1343 Words à |à 6 Pagesto control radiation exposure from cell phone towers on a personal basis. Every day there is a growing body of scientific evidence that the electromagnetic radiation they emit, even at low levels, is dangerous to human health. The current U.S. standard for radiation exposure from cell phone towers is 580-1,000 microwatts per sq. cm. (mW/cm2). Since then, telecommunications businesses have been attempting to erect towers with antennas in or near almost every local community in order to provide
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Journal assignment mechanistic Free Essays
These systems and their parts do not have purposes of their own. They have essential parts that make the whole to function for example, a clock that operates by being dictated by its internal structure and automobile which serves its purpose of driver and passenger and it can not move by its own without the driver. Mechanistic can be open if it is affected by external events or closed if unaffected by external conditions. We will write a custom essay sample on Journal assignment mechanistic or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, earth is an open system because its movement is influenced by other bodies in the solar system. ORGANIC SYSTEM These are purposeful systems whose parts cannot function on their own. The purpose for the system is survival. For example, lungs cannot survive on themselves but they extract oxygen from the environment for the person to survive. In order for organic system to survive they must interact with the environment and understand the properties and behavior (Morgan, 1996) Organizations or groups which we belong to are mechanistic This is because there is distribution of tasks and duties are shared among members of the group. People specialize in what they can perform best and in areas where they can be most productive for the benefit of the whole group or organization. Every individual aims at improving the assigned job rather than accomplishing it. Rights and regulations are well defined in order to make sure that each members demand is taken care of. There are technical methods of productions which includes the use of modern technology in production to offer quality goods and services. The structure of control is hierchial based on knowledge where the managers are the most experienced people and other follow. At the top we have reconciliation and assessments of tasks that are perform to ensure they are done to the desired standards. The communication is vertical, which is between superior and subodinates and instructions are issued by superiors who also make decisions. One condition of group membership is being loyal and obedience to the superiors. Examples are: cyber cafà © that offer computer based services like internet, typing and printing. There are Automobile factories that buy and sell vehicles and a club store. HOW RAPID CHANGE AFFECT VARIOUS TYPES OF ORGANIZATION There will be insecurity and fear of the unknown because, the organization does not known what will follow after the rapid change and is not certain of its existence in future. If rapid change occurs in an informal group, it can cause the individual group to be transferred. There will be economic loss due to lay off of staff due to change in automation or computerization. Inconveniencies will arise if the new techniques have to be learned because it will require money and time in order to learn them. The employees will feel that they have no control over their destiny and are not certain of their tomorrow whether they will still be working. This will make them loose morale in their work because they are not motivated. HOW RAPID ECHNOLOGICAL/TELECOMMUNICATION/ECONOMIC CHANGE AFFECT THE FOLLOWING FIRMS Auto manufacturer Change will transform processes through which inputs which include labor and raw materials are converted into finished goods and services. This will result to new goods being produced by use of significant innovation process that required a lot of money to implement it. Consumers will need to be contacted through sales promotion which can be done by use of television in order to create awareness about the new improved product that serve the taste and preference of consumers.(Schein,1992) Television firms If the economy goes up, the firm will charge large amount of money for advertisement and because people prefer low price, the number of customer who will use the service will be few making the firm to have reduced revenue from its services. People will prefer to use modern television technology therefore the firm will have to install it which can be costly and may not have been budgeted from the beginning. The purchase price of modern technology of television is expensive and requires ample time to buy it. A university This will result to change in everything including the organization structure. New departments will come up and new faculties. New lecturers will be required or training for the already existing ones. Payment of employees will go up and this will also result to rise in fees to be paid by all the students. The subject combination of all the students will have to change and some will feel that they will have to transfer to other universities that offer the subjects of their choice. There will be numerous challenges due to need for more opportunities to do research to be in line with the change. Due to change, new managers will need to be employed and this will require additional finance. The things that will have been preserved so that they can be used in future will have to be changed and this is total loss because they are durable and will not be of any more use. State employment and job training corps State funds will be used to implement change because there will be need for skill upgrading of employees in the state. The state initiatives will have to avail retraining programs in the use of the new technology. These changes will lead to job displacement and job changes because some positions will be of no more use and will need to be replaced. (Schein) There will be job training committee that will be selected and training corps who will provide special programs on technological change to let the union officials respond to change effectively. This training will be made more accessible, convenient and cheap. A small rural Baptist church Rapid technological change will affect mission work because the machines used to amplify sound will need to be changed and use more improved ones which may be expensive to buy. The language used in churches will need to be improved from vernacular to national and international language in order to avoid racial discrimination and reach the gospel everywhere. Media will need to be used to preach the gospel and this will require money to pay for TV programs. PTA for elementary school in a neighborhood where most parents work in the tourism and travel industry The school will have to install the new technology which will require a lot of money. Failure to this, most parents will transfer their children to school where there is new technology. This change in technology will affect parent who are not able economically to pay for the new technology. The school will need to employ new teachers who have experience in the new technology. The students will need to change some subjects and learn new ones which require extra effort and more time. ADVANTAGES OF TOP-DOWN ORGANIZATIONS The organization focuses on utilization of resources which is from individual managed application. The available resources are put into profitable use and none of them is wasted. This leads to high quality output produced at reduced cost. The management looks for solution of all the processes to be carried out to make sure that the mission and vision of the organization is achieved through proper planning of all the activities to be carried out. When phases for management application are completed, a deeper and more mature implementation will be established for identity in management solution. The maintenance and operation resources in top-down organizations are not impacted severely in the beginning. Their visibility is high because everybody is able to observe changes as they happen in their place of work and also observe the shared values in the organization.(Morgan) There is confidence because, team get the opportunity to experiment new practices due to the backing of sponsors. Transparency is observed and mistakes are collected at initial stages and practices are consistent with the vision of the company. ADVANTAGES OF MORE ORGANIC ORGANIZATIONS Collective marketing enable farmers enjoy benefits of economies of scale because buyers want to deal with organizations rather than individual farmers. Training is provided on organic production to ensure that products are of high quality and meet the desired standards in order to generate more revenue. The organization is able to comply with international standards required to be met à for the product to be consumed. Sample inspection is done on few farmers and this helps to reduce the cost of certification that could have been done on individual farmers. Consumers are willing to pay more for organically produced goods and services because they belief they are the best and they enjoy competitive advantage in marketing because their products are well known to customers. WHICH OFFER THE MOST UPWARD MOBILITY FOR EMPLOYEES Top-down organization offers upward mobility of employees because the encourage employees to work hard and give rewards to employees based on performance. The management is also accountable for staffing and experienced staffs are recruited to do the job. The employees turn over is low because of various promotions given to employees once they stay for sometime in the organization. There is no discrimination and all employees are treated equally with no favors. REFERENCES Gareth Morgan; Images of Organizations; Sage publications; 1996 Edger Schein; Organizational Culture and Leadership; Jossey-Bass; l992 à à à à à à à à How to cite Journal assignment mechanistic, Essay examples
Journal assignment mechanistic Free Essays
These systems and their parts do not have purposes of their own. They have essential parts that make the whole to function for example, a clock that operates by being dictated by its internal structure and automobile which serves its purpose of driver and passenger and it can not move by its own without the driver. Mechanistic can be open if it is affected by external events or closed if unaffected by external conditions. We will write a custom essay sample on Journal assignment mechanistic or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, earth is an open system because its movement is influenced by other bodies in the solar system. ORGANIC SYSTEM These are purposeful systems whose parts cannot function on their own. The purpose for the system is survival. For example, lungs cannot survive on themselves but they extract oxygen from the environment for the person to survive. In order for organic system to survive they must interact with the environment and understand the properties and behavior (Morgan, 1996) Organizations or groups which we belong to are mechanistic This is because there is distribution of tasks and duties are shared among members of the group. People specialize in what they can perform best and in areas where they can be most productive for the benefit of the whole group or organization. Every individual aims at improving the assigned job rather than accomplishing it. Rights and regulations are well defined in order to make sure that each members demand is taken care of. There are technical methods of productions which includes the use of modern technology in production to offer quality goods and services. The structure of control is hierchial based on knowledge where the managers are the most experienced people and other follow. At the top we have reconciliation and assessments of tasks that are perform to ensure they are done to the desired standards. The communication is vertical, which is between superior and subodinates and instructions are issued by superiors who also make decisions. One condition of group membership is being loyal and obedience to the superiors. Examples are: cyber cafà © that offer computer based services like internet, typing and printing. There are Automobile factories that buy and sell vehicles and a club store. HOW RAPID CHANGE AFFECT VARIOUS TYPES OF ORGANIZATION There will be insecurity and fear of the unknown because, the organization does not known what will follow after the rapid change and is not certain of its existence in future. If rapid change occurs in an informal group, it can cause the individual group to be transferred. There will be economic loss due to lay off of staff due to change in automation or computerization. Inconveniencies will arise if the new techniques have to be learned because it will require money and time in order to learn them. The employees will feel that they have no control over their destiny and are not certain of their tomorrow whether they will still be working. This will make them loose morale in their work because they are not motivated. HOW RAPID ECHNOLOGICAL/TELECOMMUNICATION/ECONOMIC CHANGE AFFECT THE FOLLOWING FIRMS Auto manufacturer Change will transform processes through which inputs which include labor and raw materials are converted into finished goods and services. This will result to new goods being produced by use of significant innovation process that required a lot of money to implement it. Consumers will need to be contacted through sales promotion which can be done by use of television in order to create awareness about the new improved product that serve the taste and preference of consumers.(Schein,1992) Television firms If the economy goes up, the firm will charge large amount of money for advertisement and because people prefer low price, the number of customer who will use the service will be few making the firm to have reduced revenue from its services. People will prefer to use modern television technology therefore the firm will have to install it which can be costly and may not have been budgeted from the beginning. The purchase price of modern technology of television is expensive and requires ample time to buy it. A university This will result to change in everything including the organization structure. New departments will come up and new faculties. New lecturers will be required or training for the already existing ones. Payment of employees will go up and this will also result to rise in fees to be paid by all the students. The subject combination of all the students will have to change and some will feel that they will have to transfer to other universities that offer the subjects of their choice. There will be numerous challenges due to need for more opportunities to do research to be in line with the change. Due to change, new managers will need to be employed and this will require additional finance. The things that will have been preserved so that they can be used in future will have to be changed and this is total loss because they are durable and will not be of any more use. State employment and job training corps State funds will be used to implement change because there will be need for skill upgrading of employees in the state. The state initiatives will have to avail retraining programs in the use of the new technology. These changes will lead to job displacement and job changes because some positions will be of no more use and will need to be replaced. (Schein) There will be job training committee that will be selected and training corps who will provide special programs on technological change to let the union officials respond to change effectively. This training will be made more accessible, convenient and cheap. A small rural Baptist church Rapid technological change will affect mission work because the machines used to amplify sound will need to be changed and use more improved ones which may be expensive to buy. The language used in churches will need to be improved from vernacular to national and international language in order to avoid racial discrimination and reach the gospel everywhere. Media will need to be used to preach the gospel and this will require money to pay for TV programs. PTA for elementary school in a neighborhood where most parents work in the tourism and travel industry The school will have to install the new technology which will require a lot of money. Failure to this, most parents will transfer their children to school where there is new technology. This change in technology will affect parent who are not able economically to pay for the new technology. The school will need to employ new teachers who have experience in the new technology. The students will need to change some subjects and learn new ones which require extra effort and more time. ADVANTAGES OF TOP-DOWN ORGANIZATIONS The organization focuses on utilization of resources which is from individual managed application. The available resources are put into profitable use and none of them is wasted. This leads to high quality output produced at reduced cost. The management looks for solution of all the processes to be carried out to make sure that the mission and vision of the organization is achieved through proper planning of all the activities to be carried out. When phases for management application are completed, a deeper and more mature implementation will be established for identity in management solution. The maintenance and operation resources in top-down organizations are not impacted severely in the beginning. Their visibility is high because everybody is able to observe changes as they happen in their place of work and also observe the shared values in the organization.(Morgan) There is confidence because, team get the opportunity to experiment new practices due to the backing of sponsors. Transparency is observed and mistakes are collected at initial stages and practices are consistent with the vision of the company. ADVANTAGES OF MORE ORGANIC ORGANIZATIONS Collective marketing enable farmers enjoy benefits of economies of scale because buyers want to deal with organizations rather than individual farmers. Training is provided on organic production to ensure that products are of high quality and meet the desired standards in order to generate more revenue. The organization is able to comply with international standards required to be met à for the product to be consumed. Sample inspection is done on few farmers and this helps to reduce the cost of certification that could have been done on individual farmers. Consumers are willing to pay more for organically produced goods and services because they belief they are the best and they enjoy competitive advantage in marketing because their products are well known to customers. WHICH OFFER THE MOST UPWARD MOBILITY FOR EMPLOYEES Top-down organization offers upward mobility of employees because the encourage employees to work hard and give rewards to employees based on performance. The management is also accountable for staffing and experienced staffs are recruited to do the job. The employees turn over is low because of various promotions given to employees once they stay for sometime in the organization. There is no discrimination and all employees are treated equally with no favors. REFERENCES Gareth Morgan; Images of Organizations; Sage publications; 1996 Edger Schein; Organizational Culture and Leadership; Jossey-Bass; l992 à à à à à à à à How to cite Journal assignment mechanistic, Essay examples
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